What temperature is milk as it leaves the cow,
and it is quickly cooled to what temperature
for storage?
Milk
leaves the cow at 101 degrees Fahrenheit and
is promptly cooled and stored at 40 degrees
Fahrenheit.
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What
two ingredients of milk make it so healthy?
Two
ingredients found in milk that make it so healthy:
Calcium, a major nutrient for humans that is
necessary for strong bones and teeth and Vitamin
D, a nutrient required by humans to produce
healthy bones.
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How
long does it take from the time milk leaves
the cow until it reaches the grocery store?
It
takes about 2 days for milk to go from the cow
to the grocery store. At the grocery store,
milk is kept refrigerated at 40 degrees or lower.
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How
did ice cream evolve, and when was the month
of July designated as a time to honor America's
favorite dessert?
Historians
estimate that ice cream evolved sometime during
the 16th century in Italy, perhaps from a recipe
Marco Polo brought from the Orient. In 1984,
Ronald Reagan designated July as a time to honor
America's favorite dessert.
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Why is
milk so good for you?
Milk is rich in protein and calcium which help build the muscles
you need to throw a ball or climb a tree.
Dairy
is one of the five food groups in the official
Food Guide Pyramid. Dairy includes milk and
milk products like yogurt and cheese. An 8 ounce
glass of milk provides a big percentage of your
recommended daily allowance of vitamins and
minerals:
17%
protein
29% calcium
23% phosphorus
23% riboflavin
25% vitamin D
15 % vitamin B-12
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Who should
drink milk?
Milk is good for everyone. If you’re between 1 and 12
years old, you should have 3 servings of milk
dairy products every day. An 8 ounce glass or
a cup of yogurt is a serving. Teenagers need
even more and should have 4 or more servings
of dairy foods each day. Adults should have
2 or more servings of dairy per day. Have you
had your milk today?
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Why is milk white?
Milk contains Casein. It's the milk protein that is rich in
calcium and it is white. The cream in milk has
some fat which is also white. Its presence
in the milk makes the milk whiter. Low and non-fat
milk has less cream and may appear less white.
Our eyes see white
because some objects do not absorb very much
light. They reflect the light. Objects
that are blue, for instance, reflect only blue
light and absorb the other colors of light in
the spectrum. The molecules that make up Casein
and creme reflect light. That's why milk is
white.
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Why
is most milk homogenized, pasteurized and fortified?
Almost all milk is pasteurized,
homogenized and fortified. Pasteurized
milk has been treated with heat to kill any
germs. Homogenized milks are mixed so the cream
and water don’t separate. Milk is fortified
with vitamin D (and vitamin A for lowfat and
skim milk) to make it even more healthful. Everyone
needs these vitamins, and since almost everyone
drinks milk, its a great way for people to get
them.
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What's the difference between the different kinds
of milk?
Whole Milk is 3.5%
milkfat, which is why it tastes so delicious
and has a rich, creamy texture. After babies
stop drinking mother’s milk, they usually
drink whole milk until they are at least two
years old. The fatty acids in whole milk are
important to the development of the brain and
the nervous system.
2%
Lowfat Milk has the benefits of less
milkfat, but still tastes great. It is fortified
with skim milk and has 10 grams of protein per
cup. Two percent milk is almost as popular as
whole milk.
1%
Lowfat Milk is made by reducing the
milkfat content even more. Like two percent
milk, it is fortified with skim milk, making
it vitamin and mineral rich. One percent milk
is great for people on diets and women and girls
who want a concentrated source of calcium in
a delicious drink.
Skim
Milk, also called nonfat milk, is one
of the most nutrient-dense foods of all. It
has as much fat as possible removed, less than
½ gram per serving, and 45% less calories than
whole milk. Yet skim milk still supplies all
of the nutrients of whole milk.
Buttermilk,
despite its name, is typically made from nonfat
or lowfat milk. It is a cultured sour milk made
by adding certain organisms to sweet milk. It
is very popular in cooking. How about some buttermilk
biscuits or buttermilk pancakes or…
Chocolate
Milk is milk plus cocoa and sweeteners.
It is usually made from lowfat or nonfat milk.
The chocolate doesn’t add any fat, just
calories (about 60) and a little caffeine (about
5 mg per cup, the same amount in a cup of decaf
coffee).
Acidophilus
Milk is made by adding a live bacterial
culture to milk after pasteurization. It is
easier to digest for some people.
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Do children after
the age of two need whole milk?
The American Academy of Pediatrics
recommends that parents not feed fat-modified
foods to children 1-2 years of age (Pediatric
Nutrition Handbook, fourth edition, AAP, 1998),
including 2%, 1% or fat-free milk. Children
this age need foods with a high caloric density
for growth.
After age of 2
years, the 1995 Dietary Guidelines recommend
that children gradually adopt a diet that by
about five years of age, contains no more than
30 percent of calories from fat. So between
the years of 2 and 5 it is up to the child's
parent and pediatrician what type of milk is
best for that particular child, depending upon
how well the child is eating and growing and
which type of milk they prefer, rather than
risk having them drink less or none at all.
According to the
latest recommendations from the National Academy
of Sciences, children ages 1-3 need 500 mg of
calcium daily, or the equivalent of 3 small
servings of milk (6 ounces of milk or yogurt
or 1 ounce of cheese.) children 4-8 need 800
mg of calcium, or the equivalent of 3 servings
of milk (8 ounces of milk or yogurt or 1 ½ ounces
of cheese.)
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Can
I freeze milk?
Milk can be frozen and thawed
in the refrigerator or in cold water, however,
it is not recommended since the quality of milk
is affected. The milk protein is destabilized
and particles may appear floating in the milk.
A better solution is to purchase only the amount
of milk you can use within a week.
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How long after purchase
will milk keep in the refrigerator?
The
shelf life of milk is affected by several factors
including how the product was handled before
it reaches the consumer. When stored at 40 degrees
Fahrenheit and not left unrefrigerated for extended
periods, it should last approximately 7 days
past the sell-by date on the container.
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What's the difference between milk allergy and
lactose intolerance?
Milk
allergies are an abnormal response by the body
to milk protein. Lactose intolerance is the
body's inability to digest lactose, the sugar
in milk. Allergies to milk are rare, while
lactose intolerance is not.
A
food allergy is an abnormal response of the
body's immune system to ordinarily harmless
foods or ingredients -- in this case, milk protein.
An estimated 1-3% of infants and young children
have milk allergy, but usually outgrow it by
two or three years of age.
If
milk allergy is suspected, consult a board-certified
allergist for diagnosis. Those diagnosed with
milk allergy should avoid consuming dairy foods,
and should consult with a registered dietitian
about how to get adequate calcium in the diet.
Dairy food consumption can resume when and if
the allergy is outgrown.
Lactose
intolerance refers to the symptoms experienced
by individuals who have low levels of the enzyme
(lactase) necessary to break down lactose, or
milk sugar. Some who have low levels of lactase
are unaware of it and never experience any symptoms.
It is most prevalent in African Americans, Hispanics,
Native Americans, and Asian Americans. Fewer
Caucasians have a problem digesting milk sugar.
Infants are born with high levels of lactase,
enabling them to digest the lactose in human
milk or formula.
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Can I get enough calcium
in my diet without dairy products?
Yes,
but it will be difficult. Dairy foods are the
richest source of calcium and contribute 73%
of the calcium in the U.S. food supply. Other
foods contain smaller amounts of calcium and
may contain components (such as phytates and
oxalate) that reduce calcium absorption . For
example, a person would need to eat 8 cups of
spinach, 2 1/2 cups of broccoli, 7 cups of red
beans, or 6 ounces of dry roasted almonds to
get the amount of calcium absorbed from an 8
ounce glass of milk.
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Is unpasteurized milk
more nutritious than pasteurized milk?
Since
the turn of the century, raw milk has been pasteurized
to destroy microorganisms that may enter milk
accidentally from environmental and human sources.
Nearly all milk marketed in the U.S. is pasteurized.
Pasteurization has either no or practically
no effect on milk's major nutrients such as
protein, calcium and, riboflavin. A minimal
reduction in some vitamins such as thiamin (B12),
and C in pasteurized milk has been reported.
It is still a good source of these vitamins.
Some people feel that raw milk's nutrients are
destroyed by pasteurization, but there is no
scientific evidence that raw milk is more nutritious
than pasteurized milk. The U.S. Department of
Agriculture applies the same nutrient value
to raw and pasteurized milk.
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How long does milk last
after the "sell-by" or "pull
dates"?
The "sell-by" or "pull dates"
indicate when the product should be withdrawn
from retail sale. These dates are used by the
industry to reflect the age of individual packages.
Generally, the product will remain fresh and
usable for a few days after the "pull date"
or "sell-by-date.
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Does
chocolate milk have as much calcium as non-flavored
white milk?
Yes, chocolate
milk has an excellent nutritional profile providing
significant amounts of high quality protein,
calcium, riboflavin, magnesium, phosphorous,
Niacin equivalents, vitamin B12, vitamin A,
and when added vitamin D, as well as several
essential nutrients. The only difference is
that chocolate milk usually has 60 more calories
because of the sucrose and other nutrient sweeteners.
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How much broccoli
or turnip greens would I have to eat to meet
the equivalent calcium intake of two servings
of dairy products?
You
would have to eat 2.5 cups of broccoli or 1
cup of turnip greens.
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On average, how much
soda do teenage girls drink?
Girls
12-19 in the U.S. consume an average of 650
cans a year. This works out to about 2 cans
per day.
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How
many
pounds of milk does it take to make 1 gallon
of ice cream? How many pounds of milk does it
take to make 1 pound of cheese?
It
takes 12 pounds of milk to make 1 gallon of
ice cream. It takes 10 pounds of milk to make
1 pound of cheese. (1 quart of milk weighs 2.15
pounds)
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During
which week of the year is the most pizza
consumed?
Super
Bowl Week
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What
is the number 1 cheese
used on pizza?
Mozzarella.
California produced over 612 million pounds
of mozzarella cheese in 1998.
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What
makes Blue Cheese blue?
The
mold Penicillium roqueforti is responsible for
giving blue cheese its blue-green color and
pungent aroma. This month's MooMilk recipes
feature blue cheese.
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